What are the different types of hydrocyclone separator?
Apr. 30, 2024
Hydrocyclones | Multotec
Multotec manufactures spares for every single part of its DMS and hydrocyclone ranges, amounting to over 10 000 producible cyclone spares.
Engineered for maximum plant performance
The Multotec hydrocyclone technology range comprises hydrocyclone diameters from 25 to 1 400 mm. Most of these diameters can accommodate a range of cone angles, while different vortex finders and spigot diameters are standard for all diameters.
Small diameter hydrocyclones (up to 100 mm) are manufactured mainly from polyurethane, while larger hydrocyclones can be polyurethane, steel cyclones with bonded or loose rubber lining, and steel with ceramic lining.
Innovative designs to improve your performance
The design of classification cyclones is a major market differentiator for Multotec. Read more, here. The design of classification cyclones is a major market differentiator for Multotec. Read more, here.
Scrolled evolute design
The scrolled evolute and ribbon inlet hydrocyclone designs have a much higher capacity compared to standard inlet designs. The result is that smaller diameter hydrocyclones can be used, or hydrocyclones can operate at lower pressures thereby saving on pumping energy. Slurry turbulence at the entry point into the cyclone is reduced as well as vortex finder wear, that can result in particle short-circuiting to the overflow, thereby lowering operating costs while maximising separation efficiency.
Weep holes
If the hydrocyclone liner becomes damaged, the material which finds its way between the liner and the hydrocyclone shell will begin to drain from weep holes, indicating that the liner needs to be replaced.
With a better insight into the state of your hydrocyclone liner, you can reduce unplanned stoppages and downtime, and extend the life of the hydrocyclone’s steel shells.
Weep holes also reduce the required frequency of internal cyclone inspection. This is because cyclones without weep holes require regular inspection to assess the integrity of the liner itself.
Contact Multotec’s hydrocyclone specialists for an assessment of your liners, weep holes and hydrocyclone performance.
Silicon carbide (SiC) lined cyclone components
To improve hydrocyclone component wear characteristics, and to ensure they can be used in highly aggressive applications, Multotec has been developing and supplying SiC (Silicon Carbide) lined hydrocyclones and components, with all trial applications showing excellent results. This ensures that best performance is maintained over a longer period before parts are due for replacement, preventing downtime.
Engineered tiles
Do you process highly abrasive slurry? Multotec uses engineered ceramic tiles to provide a longer-lasting wear surface. Engineered tiles are pressed with chamfered sides and are then cut precisely to the desired shape.
Sized to your process requirements
Hydrocyclones are selected and sized by Multotec’s experienced process team using our specialised CY-i hydrocyclone sizing software to achieve the required centrifugal forces and cut points to best suit your precise requirements. For specialised applications, Multotec can custom design and manufacture a hydrocyclone to meet your application requirements. Consider, for example, the monocone, which combines the cone and the spigot of cast iron cyclones, into a single unit for specialised applications.
Watch: Multotec Tailings Cyclone
Watch this tailings hydrocyclone video.
Maintaining optimum performance with tailored hydrocyclone service & support
Hydrocyclones need to be correctly maintained to ensure they operate at peak separation efficiency. Your local Multotec branch has the necessary expertise to help ensure your hydrocyclone reliably delivers your required cut points and process parameters, with short lead times on any hydrocylone spare parts you may need. Learn more about prolonging the life of your hydrocyclones, here.
Maintenance should preferably be done on every maintenance shutdown in order to allow for internal inspection. Your local Multotec service crew will provide end-to-end hydrocyclone inspections and servicing, which includes:
- Monitoring the internal condition to determine if there are any abnormal wear patterns forming, or (in the case of a ceramic cyclone) if any tiles have been damaged
- Measuring the spigot diameter, as cyclone efficiency is affected by spigot diameter increases
- Looking at the vortex finder leading edge, (i.e. looking from the spigot side into the vortex finder) to determine if it is still in good condition. In the event that it is not possible to inspect from the spigot side, the vortex finder length can be measured from the top of the cyclone after the overflow pipe has been removed
- Measuring the vortex finder length & spigot diameter
- Checking for excessive grooves in the cyclone body or vortex finder
- Checking for feed inlet & cone wear, uneven surfaces & steps
Multotec offers hydrocyclone optimisation for maximum mineral processing efficiency. In addition, our cyclone division manages the lifecycle of your cyclone, ensuring not only peak performance but also minimising the environmental impact of your plant. Contact us to find out more.
Need hydrocyclone spares? We retain stock of all the spare parts you need, which are available with short lead times. Contact us for more information.
Maintaining optimum hydrocyclone pressure
With the Multotec pressure gauge installed on your hydrocyclones, plant operators will be quickly notified if there is any surging or pressure drop in the hydrocyclone feed. The reading on the pressure gauge will allow for an accurate calculation of volumetric flow rates to the hydrocyclone which will make it possible to calculate the mass flow rate.
With competitive price and timely delivery, HESPER sincerely hope to be your supplier and partner.
Lower hydrocyclone pressure results in inefficiencies while high pressure increases the centrifugal force beyond its design specifications; this increases the cyclone wear rate. Ensuring your hydrocyclone operates in the correct pressure range enables optimum hydrocyclone operation, helping you improve downstream processing performance and reduce costly potential downtime.
Camera Inspection
Multotec has developed the Internal Surface Photographic Inspection (iSpi) system for hydrocyclones. By making use of a 360° camera, our application engineers can offer a system which allows them to inspect the inside of a customer’s cyclone in-situ and with minimal effort.
When used in conjunction with a coloured dot tile, iSPi can also help detect the remaining lifespan on Alumina lined cyclones.
Classification tests inform better equipment selection
Multotec’s long-established cyclone test rig gives confidence to customers’ hydrocyclone selection, in line with the company’s mission to provide fit-for-purpose solutions in mineral and particle classification.
Learn more about our classification tests on hydrocyclone rigs, here.
Frequently asked questions
What is a hydrocyclone used for?
A hydrocyclone separates particles in liquid. They have no moving parts, but instead use centrifugal force to separate matter based on size and density. The cone shape of the cyclone produces a vortex when slurry is fed into it, and this force enables the separation of particles. The point of separation between coarse and fine particles is called the cut point.
Coarser particle will exit the hydrocyclone through the underflow discharge, while finer particles will be discharged via the overflow discharge.
Hydrocyclones are used in industries such as mining, minerals processing and aggregates to classify, densify, dewater, de-slime and recover fines.
What is a hydrocyclone in mining?
The mining industry makes use of hydrocyclones to separate coarse and fine particles, according to the size and density of the particles.
Hydrocyclones are an excellent dewatering solution because of their low-cost, low-maintenance design. Multotec dewatering cyclones are ideal for a range of applications in solids dewatering, water recovery and densification applications.
Learn more about what cyclones can and cannot do, here.
Busting Hydrocyclone myths: Discover 5 fun facts about Multotec cyclones
How many types of hydrocyclones are there?
There are four main types of hydrocyclones, including tangential, axial, helical, and spiral.
What is the difference between a cyclone and a hydrocyclone?
A hydrocyclone is also known as a cyclone. This is the equipment used do deslime, dewater and classify or size various products.
Do you have a specific question for our hydrocyclone division?
Get in touch with us here.
Four Types of Hydrocyclone Used in the Mineral Processing
Hydrocyclone is a classification equipment widely used at present because of its high classification efficiency, small floor space and low price. It can be applied in the mineral classification, sewage treatment, slurry concentration, desilting and oil and water separation, etc. In a simple way, the working principle of hydrocyclone is to use the mineral density difference between materials to separate. So, what types of hydrocyclone are commonly used in mineral processing plants?
There are four main types of hydrocyclone used in mineral processing, include XCI hydrocyclone, XCII hydrocyclone, XCIII hydrocyclone and XCIV hydrocyclone, each of them has its own features.
1. XCI Hydrocyclone
XCI hydrocyclone, with adjusted feeding throat and desilting throat, is a new type high-efficiency hydrocyclone. It uses 3D model and CFD model and other professional design theory, at world-class level，which is suitable for classification and dewatering.
2. XCII Hydrocyclone
XCII hydrocyclone could be divided as classifying type and thickening type. The feeding throats of XCII classifying hydrocyclone are involute type, which increases the centrifugal force to feed granule. So that it can get a better classifying effect and reduce the damage to feed box. XCII hydrocyclone is more suitable for classification and can replace spiral classifier completely in small and middle processing plants. The products through XCII classifying hydrocyclone can increase 10%-15% handling capacity to ball mill. XCII thickening hydrocyclone is a new type designed for tailings dry outlet. The structure of it is reasonable and the thickening effect is excellent too. The concentration of bottom flow reaches 75%. It gets obviously results in the practices of tailings dry raw application.
3. XCIII Hydrocyclone
XCIII hydrocyclone is equipped with a special fishtail device at the desilting throat. It could adjust bottom flow concentration through the change created by adjusting siphon device. Thick granules are not easy to be left out when overflow. XCIII hydrocyclone is applied to thickening and classification.
4. XCIV Hydrocyclone
XCIV hydrocyclone has a reasonable structure size, and equipped with an adjustable tightening sleeve at the desilting throat. The tightening sleeve can adjust the length of desilting exactly. XCIV hydrocyclone has a stable separation direction and applying for the classification and dewatering of thin granule.
Her are four types of hydrocyclone used in the mineral processing. When choosing a hydrocyclone, it is recommended to purchase it from professional and regular hydrocyclone manufacturers, and consult professional hydrocyclone technicians according to their actual production conditions, so as to achieve both technical indicators and economic benefits.
Are you interested in learning more about hydro cyclone separator? Contact us today to secure an expert consultation!
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